Low phase noise oscillators are critical components in modern communication, sensing and radar systems, where extreme frequency stability is paramount. These oscillators offer superior performance by ...

Why You Can’t Just Use a Spectrum Analyzer Industry has an increasing demand for spectrally pure signals in applications such as imaging radar, mobile communications, satellite communications, weather ...

Figure 1: Experimental set-up for low-noise microwave generation and characterization. During the optical-to-microwave conversion process, sundry important techniques are proposed and implemented. To ...

Back in 2019, Google made waves by claiming it had achieved what has been called “quantum supremacy”—the ability of a quantum computer to perform operations that would take a wildly impractical amount ...

Voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) have a difficult challenge. On one side, they need to be stable with low values of detrimental characteristics such as phase noise, jitter, and drift. On the ...

Two sources of noise can be thought to be uncorrelated if they are independent. In Figure 1, the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), divider, and buffer for each signal is completely independent.

Abstract: This white paper describes the typical characteristics of electrical noise, and summarizes the current standard practices for managing noise in semiconductor devices. The impact of the ...

High-speed communications require system designers to optimize clocking performance while adhering to both performance and cost-budget requirements. When selecting an optimal clock, the developer must ...