Leybold GmbH being part of the globally active industrial Atlas Copco Group has developed into the world market leader in the area of vacuum technology. In this leading position we do not only …

The terms used for each are sometimes confusing. Therefore, it is sometimes necessary to ask further questions to determine the required function of the valve. The terms vacuum regulator and vacuum …

In practical terms, a vacuum can be created in a closed vessel by removing all or part of the air within the vessel. Vacuums are employed in many manufacturing technologies, ranging from incandescent …

The purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding of vacuum, including an explanation of vacuum, a definition and description of vacuum measuring instrumentation and an explanation of …

High vacuum prevails at an altitude of about 100 km and ultrahigh vacuum above 400 km. The composition of the air also changes with the distance to the surface of the earth (see Fig. 9.4 in …

Even in a vacuum there remains some pressure... it is simply a pressure at a magnitude below the surrounding atmospheric pressure. Vacuum does not necessarily mean the absence of all pressure; …

At the end of this lab, you will get a chance to apply your understanding of vacuum systems to create a simple optical device, an interference filter, by using a vacuum environment to deposit thin films on …